The Canary Database
Yale Occupational and
Environmental Medicine Program
135 College St
Room 366
New Haven, CT, USA
06510-2283
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Veterinary Record. 102(2):40-1, 1978 Jan 14.
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Avian botulism in winter and spring and the stability of Clostridium botulinum type C toxin.
Graham JM, Smith GR, Borland ED, MacDonald JW
Article type: Curated - Canary ID: 2557
| Cause and Effect Analysis |
Interspecies susceptibility data |
Shared exposures with humans |
Shared outcomes with humans |
Gene sequence data |
| Yes |
Yes |
No |
No |
No |
| Study type |
N |
Routes |
Sampling |
Controls |
Timing |
| descriptive |
26 |
ingestion |
- |
- |
concurrent |
| Exposures |
Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin
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| Risk factors |
Seasons
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| Outcomes |
Botulism
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| Species |
Anseriformes
Herring gull
Larus ridibundus
Mallard duck
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| Locations |
| United Kingdom |
United Kingdom (general) |
Motherwell (populated place) |
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